Venous Ulcers

About

Venous ulcers are chronic wounds that typically occur on the lower legs, particularly around the ankles, as a result of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). CVI is a condition where the veins in the legs fail to adequately return blood to the heart, causing increased pressure in the veins. This prolonged high pressure damages the skin and underlying tissues, leading to ulcer formation. Venous ulcers are a common complication of CVI and can significantly impact a person’s quality of life.

Symptoms

• Location: Usually found on the lower legs, around the ankles, or near varicose veins.
• Appearance: Shallow, irregularly shaped ulcers with a red or yellow base. The surrounding skin may be discolored, thickened, or inflamed.
• Pain: The ulcers may be painful, especially if infected or aggravated.
• Swelling: Often associated with swelling in the affected leg.
• Itching or Burning: Sensations around the ulcer and surrounding skin.
• Skin Changes: May include discoloration (often brownish or reddish), eczema-like rashes, and changes in skin texture.

Treatments

• Compression Therapy:
  • Description: Applying compression stockings or bandages to improve venous return and reduce swelling.
  • Purpose: Helps lower venous pressure and supports the healing of ulcers.

• Wound Care:
  • Cleansing: Use of saline or other wound-cleaning solutions to remove debris and prevent infection.
  • Dressings: Specialized dressings (e.g., hydrocolloids, alginates) keep the wound moist and protected, promoting healing.

• Leg Elevation:
  • Description: Regularly elevating the legs above heart level to reduce venous pressure and swelling.
  • Purpose: Enhances venous return and helps reduce fluid accumulation.

• Medications:
  • Infection Control: Antibiotics if the ulcer is infected.
• Lifestyle Modifications:
  • Exercise: Regular physical activity, like walking, improves circulation.

Weight Management:

• Maintaining a healthy weight reduces pressure on the veins.

Surgical Interventions:

• Procedures: Determined after evaluation.