Arterial Ulcers

About

Arterial ulcers are chronic, painful sores that typically occur on the lower extremities, such as the feet, toes, or lower legs, as a result of inadequate blood flow due to arterial disease. This condition is commonly associated with peripheral artery disease (PAD), where the arteries that supply blood to the legs become narrowed or blocked. Reduced blood flow impairs tissue oxygenation and healing, leading to the formation of ulcers. These ulcers are less common than venous ulcers but can be more challenging to treat and manage.

Symptoms

• Location: Often on the feet, toes, or bony areas of the lower legs.
• Appearance: Deep, well-defined ulcers with a pale, dry, or necrotic (dead tissue) base. The edges of the ulcer are typically well-defined and the surrounding skin may appear shiny or atrophic.
• Pain: Severe pain, which may worsen with elevation and improve with dangling the legs.
• Skin Changes: The surrounding skin may be cold, pale, or discolored. There may be a lack of hair growth and decreased pulses in the affected area.
• Delayed Healing: Arterial ulcers tend to heal slowly due to poor blood supply.

Possible Treatments (determined after evaluation):

• Improving Blood Flow:
  • Medications: Drugs such as antiplatelets (e.g., aspirin, clopidogrel) and vasodilators to improve blood flow.
  • Revascularization Procedures: Techniques like angioplasty, stenting, etc. to restore blood flow to the affected area.
• Wound Care:
  • Cleansing: Regular cleaning of the ulcer with sterile solutions to prevent infection.
  • Dressings: Use of non-adherent, absorbent dressings that protect the wound and keep it moist.
• Foot Care:
  • Description: Regular inspection of feet and proper footwear to prevent further injury.
  • Purpose: Reduces the risk of additional trauma and promotes healing.
• Lifestyle Modifications:
  • Smoking Cessation: Essential for improving arterial health.
  • Exercise: Supervised exercise programs to improve circulation and overall vascular health.